Dog Bladder and urethral stones are among the most common diseases of dogs urinary tract stones and can occur in both male and female dogs. Affected dogs often cause urinary tract damage, inflammation or obstruction due to the increase of urolith particles, and have obvious clinical symptoms such as frequent urination, hematuria, dripping urine or urinary retention. The death of a dog. So what are the causes of urethral stones in dogs?

Portuguese Water Dog

The dog's urinary system is infected by some bacteria (such as Staphylococcus, Proteus, etc.), which damages the urothelium and causes the epithelial cells to fall off and cast In addition, due to vitamin A deficiency or the use of estrogen and the stimulation of surgical thread can also cause epithelial shedding, resulting in the formation of the core of the stone; these factors are the incentives for the formation of urethral stones.

If the relative balance between the salt crystals and colloids in the urine is disrupted, the salt crystals in the urine will be continuously produced and attached to the core foreign body to form stones.

The rate of bladder and urethral stones is higher in dogs who do not like to drink water or who drink insufficient water. Similarly, insufficient drinking water will cause urine to concentrate and make the urine in the urine more concentrated. Stone crystals are in a supersaturated state, which is more likely to form crystal precipitation, which can further increase the chance of stone formation.

According to some books on dog diseases, many dog owners with urolithiasis often use chicken liver, pork liver or beef, lean pork, and diets high in animal protein. Long-term single-feeding of grains will lead to an increase in the ratio of phosphorus to calcium in the feed, resulting in an increase in the level of phosphorus in serum and urine, and an increased incidence of urolithiasis. The ratio of phosphorus to calcium in animal offal such as chicken liver, pig liver and lean pork is significantly higher than the feeding standard, and the magnesium content is often higher than the feeding standard. If the dog eats a lot of these things on a regular basis, it will easily lead to an increase in the amount of phosphorus and magnesium in the dog's urine. And because chicken liver, pig liver, pork, etc. are particularly rich in protein, the nitrogen-containing compounds in them are finally degraded into ammonium ions. In this way, when the phosphate ions, magnesium ions, and ammonium ions in the urine increase to a certain concentration, they will form magnesium ammonium phosphate and precipitate, forming stone substances.

In general, male dogs have a higher clinical incidence of bladder and urethral stones than female dogs. This is due to the longer urinary tract of male dogs due to their physiological structure. , increasing the chance of stone formation, and male dogs often have bladder stones and urethral stones at the same time.

In addition, the incidence of urolithiasis is higher in neutered dogs, which may be caused by urethral obstruction after neutering.

There are differences in the incidence of stones in different breeds of dogs, such as Pekingese, Shi Tzu The prevalence of urolithiasis in , pug dog will also be relatively high. I personally think it may be related to the small amount of exercise, because the small amount of exercise is easy to deposit crystals in the urine, This is true for people. As you may know, some people have urolithiasis. In less serious cases, one solution is to let the patient jump. It sounds a bit ridiculous, but it is really useful.